What to Do When Facing a Tsunami

A tsunami is a sea wave triggered by an earthquake, volcanic eruption, landslide on land or underwater, or a meteor impact. These waves can travel at very high speeds and reach land at heights of up to 30 meters.

Natural disasters such as tsunamis can cause loss of life because people do not have time to save themselves, resulting in damage to facilities and infrastructure.

So, is there anything you should do when facing a tsunami ?

Before a tsunami occurs, there are usually natural phenomena, for example, a large and long earthquake, the sea water receding to reveal coral and fish, or a rumbling sound from the middle of the ocean.

If these signs appear, immediately look for information, whether it is about earthquakes, the possibility of a tsunami, or the fastest evacuation route to higher ground.

Then, if you manage to survive after a strong earthquake, you should immediately go to a higher place to take shelter for a while.

Do this even if an official tsunami warning has not been issued.

"You can't wait for the authorities if there's a significant earthquake and you live near the coast," said Denis Chang Seng, technical secretary for UNESCO's Intergovernmental Coordination Group for Tsunami Early Warning and Mitigation Systems in the Northeast Atlantic, Mediterranean and connected seas.

Evacuate immediately, especially after a major earthquake that may affect your home. Don't try to clean up your house. Be alert for aftershocks.

When saving yourself, avoid the temptation to use private transportation. Travel on foot, as using a vehicle will hinder your progress.

If you're evacuating by vehicle and encounter traffic, immediately lock your vehicle and let it pass. Continue the evacuation on foot to the highest point.

“If you’re six meters above sea level, don’t stop, keep moving up,” said Ian Miller, a coastal hazards expert at Washington Sea Grant.

Besides moving towards higher ground, also pay attention to your surroundings. Not just beaches, you also need to stay away from rivers.

"The tsunami was able to rise up the river very quickly, and many people were surprised," said Chang Seng.

If possible, listen to issues from authorities via radio or other communication tools.

If you don't have time to participate in the evacuation process, try to find a sturdy reinforced concrete building. Climb as high as possible to the roof. Stay away from buildings and bridges that could spill heavy debris.

It's important to understand that tsunamis don't strike once, but can strike up to five times. Therefore, do not leave the evacuation area until authorities announce that conditions are calm, as subsequent waves are often higher and more dangerous.

After the tsunami, once conditions are declared safe, you will be allowed to return to your homes. Be wary of electrical installations and moving water, as their currents can be dangerous.

Also avoid stagnant areas due to the potential for contamination with hazardous substances and the risk of electrocution. These puddles can also cause you to fall or become trapped in a puddle.

Then, if possible, clean up mosquito and insect nests. Take care of your own and your family's health and safety by washing your hands with clean water and soap if you come into contact with tsunami water.

Next, what you need to do is to look for news or information about the water situation, as well as where to receive donations of emergency tents, health posts, clothing, and food.